Sergio Oliva fut le premier athlète noir à remporter les titres de Mister America, Mister Monde, Mister Univers et Mister Olympia en catégorie professionnelle.
Il a remporté les titres de Mister Olympia à trois reprises (1967, 1968 et 1969). Selon de nombreux experts du culturisme, Sergio Oliva aurait dû remporter l'Olympia en 1972 face à Arnold Schwarzenegger.
La dernière compétition de Sergio Oliva eut lieu en 1985 .
•1963 Mr Chicago
•1964 Mr Illinois
•1964 Mr America - AAU, 7th
•1965 Junior Mr America - AAU, 2nd
•1965 Junior Mr America - AAU, Most Muscular
•1965 Mr America - AAU, 4th
•1965 Mr America - AAU, Most Muscular,
•1966 Junior Mr America - AAU, Winner
•1966 Junior Mr America - AAU, Most Muscular
•1966 Mr America - AAU, 2nd
•1966 Mr America - AAU, Most Muscular,
•1966 Mr World - IFBB, Overall Winner
•1966 Mr World - IFBB, Tall, 1st
•1966 Mr Universe - IFBB Winner
•1966 Olympia - IFBB, 4th
•1967 Olympia - IFBB, Winner
•1967 Universe - IFBB, Overall Winner
•1968 Olympia - IFBB, Winner
•1969 Olympia - IFBB, Winner
•1970 Mr World - AAU, Pro Tall, 2nd
•1970 Olympia - IFBB, 2nd
•1971 Universe - Pro - NABBA, Tall, 2nd
•1972 Olympia - IFBB, 2nd
•1973 Mr International - IFBB, Professional, 1st
•1974 Mr International, Professional, 1st
•1975 Olympus - WBBG, Winner
•1976 Olympus - WBBG, Winner
•1977 World Championships - WABBA, Professional, 1st
•1978 Olympus - WBBG, Winner
•1980 World Championships - WABBA, Professional, 1st
•1981 Pro World Cup - WABBA, Winner
•1984 Olympia - IFBB, 8th
•1984 Pro States Championships - WABBA
•1985 Olympia - IFBB, 8th